As abiotic stress, we define an external environmental factor that has a negative effect (stress) on the growth, performance, or survival of the plant (or animal) species. Some common abiotic stresses of crops are prolonged drought events, heat waves, hail, frost, flooding, strong winds, etc.
As biotic stress, we define stresses caused to plants by living organisms.
The most common and important factors of biotic stress for agriculture are crop diseases (caused by pathogens), pest infestations, weeds, birds and other animals.
