What is biodiversity and why is it important?

Biodiversity is the variety of different species that exist in an area and the variety of ecosystems that these species form. Preserving natural biodiversity is one of the most important concepts of Sustainability and Sustainable Agriculture. Every ecosystem is more stable and healthy when it includes the maximum pool of genes of species that naturally exist in an area, that is, the maximum biodiversity. This genetic diversification gives the ecosystem security and the ability to recover from difficulties and crises. If more and more species inside the ecosystem start to extinct, the whole ecosystem enters a danger zone. In this case, the population of some species decreases to zero, while that of other species skyrockets. This results in food shortage, hunger, and extinction of many species that, at the beginning of the crisis, nobody expected to be so vulnerable.

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